CRDT Papers

This page contains a comprehensive list of research publications on CRDTs. The data is available in BibTeX format. If you have anything to add or correct, please edit the file on GitHub and send us a pull request.

Select checkboxes to filter papers by topic:

Introductions to CRDTs
Systems and apps using CRDTs
Operation-based CRDTs
State-based CRDTs
Delta CRDTs
Counter CRDTs
Text editing/sequence CRDTs
Undoing operations
CRDTs for trees
Security and Byzantine fault tolerance
Computation/programming
Composing CRDTs
Invariants
Specification and verification
Close relatives of CRDTs

Paper List

(In reverse chronological order)

[1]

Claudia-Lavinia Ignat, Victorien Elvinger, and Habibatou Ba. Synql: A CRDT-based approach for replicated relational databases with integrity constraints. In 24th International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems, DAIS 2024. Springer, June 2024. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: relational, invariants

[2]

Leo Stewen and Martin Kleppmann. Undo and redo support for replicated registers. In 11th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2024, pages 1--7. ACM, April 2024. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

Keywords: undo

[3]

Liangrun Da and Martin Kleppmann. Extending JSON CRDTs with move operations. In 11th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2024, pages 8--14. ACM, April 2024. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

Keywords: JSON, trees

[4]

Conor Power, Saikrishna Achalla, Ryan Cottone, Nathaniel Macasaet, and Joseph M. Hellerstein. Wrapping rings in lattices: An algebraic symbiosis of incremental view maintenance and eventual consistency. In 11th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2024, pages 15--22. ACM, April 2024. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: theory, computation, databases

[5]

Florian Jacob and Hannes Hartenstein. Logical clocks and monotonicity for Byzantine-tolerant replicated data types. In 11th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2024, pages 37--43. ACM, April 2024. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: security, causal-consistency

[6]

Julian Haas, Ragnar Mogk, Elena Yanakieva, Annette Bieniusa, and Mira Mezini. LoRe: A programming model for verifiably safe local-first software. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 46(1), January 2024. [ bib | DOI | arXiv | http ]

Keywords: verification, computation, invariants, systems, reactive programming, mixed-consistency

[7]

Pezhman Nasirifard, Ruben Mayer, and Hans-Arno Jacobsen. OrderlessChain: A CRDT-based BFT coordination-free blockchain without global order of transactions. In 24th International Middleware Conference, Middleware 2023, page 137–150. ACM, December 2023. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: security, invariants, systems

[8]

Paulo Sérgio Almeida. Approaches to conflict-free replicated data types. October 2023. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

Keywords: introduction, operation-based, state-based, delta-based, pure operation-based

[9]

Thierry Renaux, Sam Van den Vonder, and Wolfgang De Meuter. Secure RDTs: Enforcing access control policies for offline available JSON data. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages (PACMPL), 7(OOPSLA2), October 2023. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: security, JSON, trees

[10]

Yuran Ou and Jian Zhou. RDSL: an efficient retrieval algorithm for group editing CRDT. September 2023. [ bib | http ]

Keywords: text

[11]

Yves Mahéo, Frédéric Guidec, and Camille Noûs. CRDT-based collaborative editing in OppNets: a practical experiment. In 17th International Conference on Mobile Ubiquitous Computing, Systems, Services and Technologies, UBICOMM 2023, pages 13--21. IARIA, September 2023. [ bib | http | http ]

Keywords: systems, Yjs

[12]

Yuqi Zhang, Lingzhi Ouyang, Yu Huang, and Xiaoxing Ma. Conflict-free replicated priority queue: Design, verification and evaluation. In 14th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Internetware, Internetware 2023, pages 302--312. ACM, August 2023. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: operation-based, priority queue, TLA+

[13]

Christian Kuessner, Ragnar Mogk, Anna-Katharina Wickert, and Mira Mezini. Algebraic replicated data types: Programming secure local-first software. In 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, ECOOP 2023, pages 14:1--14:33. Schloss Dagstuhl, July 2023. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: delta-based, state-based, composition, security

[14]

Kevin De Porre, Carla Ferreira, and Elisa Gonzalez Boix. VeriFx: Correct replicated data types for the masses. In 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, ECOOP 2023, pages 9:1--9:45. Schloss Dagstuhl, July 2023. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

Keywords: verification, state-based, delta-based, operation-based, pure operation-based

[15]

Jim Bauwens and Elisa Gonzalez Boix. Nested pure operation-based CRDTs. In 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, ECOOP 2023, pages 2:1--2:26. Schloss Dagstuhl, July 2023. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: composition, pure operation-based

[16]

Erick Lavoie. 2P-BFT-Log: 2-phase single-author append-only log for adversarial environments. July 2023. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

Keywords: state-based, security

[17]

Nathan Liittschwager, Stelios Tsampas, Jonathan Castello, and Lindsey Kuper. CRDTs, coalgebraically (early ideas). In 10th Conference on Algebra and Coalgebra in Computer Science, CALCO 2023, June 2023. [ bib | .pdf ]

Keywords: specification, theory

[18]

Erick Lavoie. GOC-Ledger: State-based conflict-free replicated ledger from grow-only counters. May 2023. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

Keywords: state-based, security

[19]

Abel Nieto, Arnaud Daby-Seesaram, Léon Gondelman, Amin Timany, and Lars Birkedal. Modular verification of state-based CRDTs in separation logic. In 37th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, ECOOP 2023. Schloss Dagstuhl, July 2023. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: specification, verification, state-based

[20]

George Zakhour, Pascal Weisenburger, and Guido Salvaneschi. Type-checking CRDT convergence. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, 7(PLDI), June 2023. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: verification, computation, Propel

[21]

Pedro Henrique Fernandes and Carlos Baquero. Probabilistic causal contexts for scalable CRDTs. In 10th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2023, page 1–8. ACM, May 2023. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: causal-consistency

[22]

Elena Yanakieva, Philipp Bird, and Annette Bieniusa. A study of semantics for CRDT-based collaborative spreadsheets. In 10th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2023, page 37–43. ACM, May 2023. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: composition, systems

[23]

Andrew Jeffery and Richard Mortier. AMC: Towards trustworthy and explorable CRDT applications with the Automerge Model Checker. In 10th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2023, page 44–50. ACM, May 2023. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: verification, computation, systems, AMC

[24]

Jim Bauwens, Kevin De Porre, and Elisa Gonzalez Boix. [short paper] Towards improved collaborative text editing CRDTs by using natural language processing. In 10th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2023, page 51–55. ACM, May 2023. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: text-editing

[25]

Matthew Weidner, Ria Pradeep, Benito Geordie, and Heather Miller. For-each operations in collaborative apps. In 10th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2023, page 56–62. ACM, May 2023. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

Keywords: composition

[26]

Florian Jacob and Hannes Hartenstein. On extend-only directed posets and derived Byzantine-tolerant replicated data types. In 10th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2023, page 63–69. ACM, May 2023. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

Keywords: security, causal-consistency

[27]

Yicheng Zhang, Matthew Weidner, and Heather Miller. Programmer experience when using CRDTs to build collaborative webapps: Initial insights. In 13th Annual Workshop on the Intersection of HCI and PL, PLATEAU 2023, February 2023. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: user-study, computation, composition

[28]

Frédéric Guidec, Yves Mahéo, and Camille Noûs. Supporting conflict-free replicated data types in opportunistic networks. Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications, 16:395–419, January 2023. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: systems, networks

[29]

Shadaj Laddad, Conor Power, Mae Milano, Alvin Cheung, Natacha Crooks, and Joseph M. Hellerstein. Keep CALM and CRDT on. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, 16(4):856–863, December 2022. [ bib | DOI | arXiv | .pdf ]

Keywords: computation, crdt-related

[30]

Christian Tschudin. A connectionless grow-only set CRDT. In 3rd International Workshop on Distributed Infrastructure for the Common Good, DICG 2022, page 25–30. ACM, November 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: delta-based, set-crdt

[31]

Kristof Jannes, Bert Lagaisse, and Wouter Joosen. Secure replication for client-centric data stores. In 3rd International Workshop on Distributed Infrastructure for the Common Good, DICG 2022, pages 31--36. ACM, November 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: state-based, systems, security

[32]

Geoffrey Litt, Sarah Lim, Martin Kleppmann, and Peter van Hardenberg. Peritext: A CRDT for collaborative rich text editing. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 6(CSCW2), November 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: text-editing, systems

[33]

Shadaj Laddad, Conor Power, Mae Milano, Alvin Cheung, and Joseph M. Hellerstein. Katara: Synthesizing CRDTs with verified lifting. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, 6(OOPSLA2):1349--1377, October 2022. [ bib | DOI | arXiv | .pdf ]

Keywords: specification, verification

[34]

Abel Nieto, Léon Gondelman, Alban Reynaud, Amin Timany, and Lars Birkedal. Modular verification of op-based CRDTs in separation logic. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, 6(OOPSLA2):1788–1816, October 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: specification, verification, operation-based

[35]

Martin Kleppmann and Peter Alvaro. Research for practice: Convergence. Communications of the ACM, 65(11):104--106, November 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: introduction, crdt-related

[36]

Aäron Munsters, Angel Luis Scull Pupo, and Jens Nicolay. COAST: A conflict-free replicated abstract syntax tree. In 17th International Conference on Software Technologies, ICSOFT 2022, pages 187--196. SciTePress, July 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: trees, text-editing

[37]

Vimala Soundarapandian, Adharsh Kamath, Kartik Nagar, and KC Sivaramakrishnan. Certified mergeable replicated data types. In 43rd ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, PLDI 2022, page 332–347. ACM, June 2022. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

Keywords: crdt-related, MRDT, verification

[38]

Farzin Houshmand, Javad Saberlatibari, and Mohsen Lesani. Hamband: RDMA replicated data types. In 43rd ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, PLDI 2022, page 348–363. ACM, June 2022. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: crdt-related, systems

[39]

Gowtham Kaki, Prasanth Prahladan, and Nicholas V. Lewchenko. Runtime-assisted convergence in replicated data types. In 43rd ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, PLDI 2022, page 364–378. ACM, June 2022. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: crdt-related, MRDT, Quark

[40]

Martin Kleppmann. Assessing the understandability of a distributed algorithm by tweeting buggy pseudocode. Technical Report UCAM-CL-TR-969, University of Cambridge, Department of Computer Science and Technology, May 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: verification

[41]

Florian Jacob, Saskia Bayreuther, and Hannes Hartenstein. On CRDTs in Byzantine environments. In GI Sicherheit 2022, pages 113--126. Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn, April 2022. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: security

[42]

Amos Brocco. Melda: A general purpose delta state JSON CRDT. In 9th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2022, pages 1--7. ACM, April 2022. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: systems, delta-based, JSON, trees

[43]

Martin Kleppmann. Making CRDTs Byzantine fault tolerant. In 9th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2022, pages 8--15. ACM, April 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: security

[44]

Nicholas Schiefer, Geoffrey Litt, and Daniel Jackson. Merge what you can, fork what you can't: Managing data integrity in local-first software. In 9th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2022, pages 24--32. ACM, April 2022. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: systems, usability

[45]

Pierre-Antoine Rault, Claudia-Lavinia Ignat, and Olivier Perrin. Distributed access control for collaborative applications using CRDTs. In 9th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2022, pages 33--38. ACM, April 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: security

[46]

Nazmus Saquib, Chandra Krintz, and Rich Wolski. Ordering operations for generic replicated data types using version trees. In 9th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2022, pages 39--46. ACM, April 2022. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: crdt-related

[47]

Matthew Weidner and Paulo Sérgio Almeida. An oblivious observed-reset embeddable replicated counter. In 9th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2022, pages 47--52. ACM, April 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: counters

[48]

Arik Rinberg, Tomer Solomon, Roee Shlomo, Guy Khazma, Gal Lushi, Idit Keidar, and Paula Ta-Shma. DSON: JSON CRDT using delta-mutations for document stores. Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, 15(5):1053–1065, January 2022. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: systems, delta-based, JSON, trees

[49]

Amos Brocco. Delta-state JSON CRDT: Putting collaboration on solid ground. In 23rd International Symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems, SSS 2021, pages 474--478. Springer LNCS volume 13046, November 2021. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: systems, delta-based, JSON, Solid

[50]

Martin Kleppmann, Dominic P. Mulligan, Victor B. F. Gomes, and Alastair R. Beresford. A highly-available move operation for replicated trees. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 33(7):1711--1724, October 2021. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: trees, verification

[51]

Kevin De Porre, Carla Ferreira, Nuno Preguiça, and Elisa Gonzalez Boix. ECROs: Building global scale systems from sequential code. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages (PACMPL), 5(OOPSLA), October 2021. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: crdt-related

[52]

Eric Brattli and Weihai Yu. Supporting undo and redo for replicated registers in collaborative applications. In 18th International Conference on Cooperative Design, Visualization, and Engineering, CDVE 2021, pages 195--205. Springer LNCS volume 12983, October 2021. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: undo

[53]

Amos Brocco. The document chain: a delta CRDT framework for arbitrary JSON data. In 29th Italian Symposium on Advanced Database Systems, SEBD 2021, pages 59--70. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, September 2021. [ bib | .pdf ]

Keywords: delta-based, JSON

[54]

Kristof Jannes, Bert Lagaisse, and Wouter Joosen. OWebSync: Seamless synchronization of distributed web clients. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 32(9):2338--2351, September 2021. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: state-based, synchronisation protocols, JSON, trees, systems, OWebSync

[55]

Iver Toft Tomter and Weihai Yu. Augmenting SQLite for local-first software. In European Conference on Advances in Databases and Information Systems, ADBIS 2021, pages 247--257. Springer, August 2021. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: systems, relational, SQLite

[56]

Sreeja Sasidharan Nair. Designing safe and highly available distributed applications. PhD thesis, Sorbonne Université, July 2021. [ bib | http ]

Keywords: verification, trees, Soteria, Maram

[57]

Vicent Cholvi, Antonio Fernández Anta, Chryssis Georgiou, Nicolas Nicolaou, Michel Raynal, and Antonio Russo. Byzantine-tolerant distributed grow-only sets: Specification and applications. In 4th International Symposium on Foundations and Applications of Blockchain, volume 92 of FAB 2021, pages 2:1--2:19. Schloss Dagstuhl, 2021. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

Keywords: security, set-crdt

[58]

Houssam Yactine, Ali Shoker, and Georges Younes. ASPAS: As secure as possible available systems. In 21st International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems, DAIS 2021, pages 57--73. Springer, June 2021. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: systems, security

[59]

Eric Brattli. Supporting undo and redo for local-first software: An implementation in Automerge. Master's thesis, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, June 2021. [ bib | .pdf ]

Keywords: undo

[60]

Elena Yanakieva, Michael Youssef, Ahmad Hussein Rezae, and Annette Bieniusa. Access control conflict resolution in distributed file systems using CRDTs. In 8th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2021. ACM, April 2021. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: filesystem, Repliss, access control

[61]

Arik Rinberg, Tomer Solomon, Guy Khazma, Gal Lushi, Roee Shlomo, and Paula Ta-Shma. Array CRDTs using delta-mutations. In 8th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2021. ACM, April 2021. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: list-crdt, delta-based, JSON

[62]

Jim Bauwens and Elisa Gonzalez Boix. Improving the reactivity of pure operation-based CRDTs. In 8th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2021. ACM, April 2021. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: pure operation-based, systems, Flec

[63]

Geoffrey Litt, Peter van Hardenberg, and Orion Henry. Cambria: Schema evolution in distributed systems with edit lenses. In 8th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2021. ACM, April 2021. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: schemas, systems, Cambria

[64]

Sreeja Nair, Filipe Meirim, Mário Pereira, Carla Ferreira, and Marc Shapiro. A coordination-free, convergent, and safe replicated tree. March 2021. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

Keywords: trees, Maram

[65]

Manuel Barbosa, Bernardo Ferreira, João Marques, Bernardo Portela, and Nuno Preguiça. Secure conflict-free replicated data types. In International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking 2021, ICDCN 2021, pages 6--15. ACM, January 2021. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: security, Antidote

[66]

Martin Kleppmann and Heidi Howard. Byzantine eventual consistency and the fundamental limits of peer-to-peer databases. December 2020. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

Keywords: security, causal-consistency, invariants

[67]

Yiyun Liu, James Parker, Patrick Redmond, Lindsey Kuper, Michael Hicks, and Niki Vazou. Verifying replicated data types with typeclass refinements in Liquid Haskell. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages, 4(OOPSLA), nov 2020. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: verification

[68]

Jim Bauwens and Elisa Gonzalez Boix. From causality to stability: Understanding and reducing meta-data in CRDTs. In 17th International Conference on Managed Programming Languages and Runtimes, MPLR 2020, pages 3--14. ACM, November 2020. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: operation-based, systems, Flec

[69]

Weihai Yu and Claudia-Lavinia Ignat. Conflict-free replicated relations for multi-synchronous database management at edge. In IEEE International Conference on Smart Data Services, SMDS 2020, pages 113--121. IEEE, October 2020. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: relational database, delta-crdt, invariants

[70]

Kevin De Porre, Florian Myter, Christophe Scholliers, and Elisa Gonzalez Boix. CScript: A distributed programming language for building mixed-consistency applications. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing volume 144, pages 109--123, October 2020. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: computation, composition, systems, CScript

[71]

Matthew Weidner, Heather Miller, and Christopher Meiklejohn. Composing and decomposing op-based CRDTs with semidirect products. August 2020. [ bib | DOI | arXiv | http ]

Keywords: composition, operation-based

[72]

Stephen Dolan. Brief announcement: The only undoable CRDTs are counters. In 39th Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, PODC 2020, page 57–58. ACM, August 2020. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

Keywords: set-crdt, counters, undo

[73]

David Sun, Chengzheng Sun, Agustina Ng, and Weiwei Cai. Real differences between OT and CRDT in correctness and complexity for consistency maintenance in co-editors. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 4(CSCW1):1–30, May 2020. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: text-editing, crdt-related, OT

[74]

Taylor Blau. Verifying strong eventual consistency in δ-crdts. Bachelor's thesis, University of Washington, June 2020. [ bib | arXiv ]

Keywords: state-based, verification

[75]

Martin Kleppmann. Moving elements in list CRDTs. In 7th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2020. ACM, April 2020. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: text-editing

[76]

Weihai Yu and Sigbjørn Rostad. A low-cost set CRDT based on causal lengths. In 7th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2020. ACM, April 2020. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: set-crdt

[77]

Pascal Grosch, Roman Krafft, Marcel Wölki, and Annette Bieniusa. AutoCouch: A JSON CRDT framework. In 7th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2020. ACM, April 2020. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: systems, Automerge, AutoCouch

[78]

Victor Grishchenko and Mikhail Patrakeev. Chronofold: A data structure for versioned text. In 7th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2020. ACM, April 2020. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

Keywords: text-editing, Chronofold

[79]

Matthieu Nicolas, Gérald Oster, and Olivier Perrin. Efficient renaming in sequence CRDTs. In 7th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2020. ACM, April 2020. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: text-editing, LogootSplit

[80]

Peter van Hardenberg and Martin Kleppmann. PushPin: Towards production-quality peer-to-peer collaboration. In 7th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2020. ACM, April 2020. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: systems, usability, PushPin

[81]

Jim Bauwens and Elisa Gonzalez Boix. Flec: A versatile programming framework for eventually consistent systems. In 7th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2020. ACM, April 2020. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: systems, Flec

[82]

Hector Sanjuan, Samuli Poyhtari, Pedro Teixeira, and Ioannis Psaras. Merkle-CRDTs: Merkle-DAGs meet CRDTs. April 2020. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

Keywords: security, logical-clocks

[83]

Pezhman Nasirifard, Ruben Mayer, and Hans-Arno Jacobsen. FabricCRDT: A conflict-free replicated datatypes approach to permissioned blockchains. In 20th International Middleware Conference, Middleware 2019, page 110–122. ACM, 2019. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: security, systems

[84]

Ali Shoker, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, Carlos Baquero, Annette Bieniusa, Roger Pueyo Centelles, Pedro Ákos Costa, Vitor Enes, Carla Ferreira, Pedro Fouto, Felix Freitag, Bradley King, Igor Kopestenski, Giorgos Kostopoulos, João Leitão, Adam Lindberg, Albert van der Linde, Sreeja Nair, Nuno Preguiça, Mennan Selimi, Marc Shapiro, Peer Stritzinger, Ilyas Toumlilt, Peter Van Roy, Dimitrios Vasilas, Georges Younes, Igor Zavalyshyn, and Peter Zeller. LightKone reference architecture (LiRA). Technical report, The LightKone Consortium, 2019. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: architecture

[85]

Weihai Yu, Victorien Elvinger, and Claudia-Lavinia Ignat. A generic undo support for state-based CRDTs. In 23rd International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems, OPODIS 2019. Dagstuhl LIPIcs, November 2019. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: state-based, undo

[86]

Martin Kleppmann, Adam Wiggins, Peter van Hardenberg, and Mark McGranaghan. Local-first software: You own your data, in spite of the cloud. In ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming and Software, Onward! 2019, pages 154--178. ACM, October 2019. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: systems, usability

[87]

Gowtham Kaki, Swarn Priya, KC Sivaramakrishnan, and Suresh Jagannathan. Mergeable replicated data types. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages (PACMPL), 3(OOPSLA), October 2019. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: crdt-related, MRDT

[88]

Ragnar Mogk, Joscha Drechsler, Guido Salvaneschi, and Mira Mezini. A fault-tolerant programming model for distributed interactive applications. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages (PACMPL), 3(OOPSLA), October 2019. [ bib | DOI ]

Keywords: systems

[89]

Jim Bauwens and Elisa Gonzalez Boix. Memory efficient CRDTs in dynamic environments. In 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on Virtual Machines and Intermediate Languages, VMIL 2019, page 48–57. ACM, October 2019. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: systems, operation-based, memory management

[90]

Alex Auvolat and François Taïani. Merkle search trees: Efficient state-based CRDTs in open networks. In 38th Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, SRDS 2019, pages 221--230. IEEE, 2019. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: state-based, security

[91]

Stephan A Kollmann, Martin Kleppmann, and Alastair R Beresford. Snapdoc: Authenticated snapshots with history privacy in peer-to-peer collaborative editing. Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PoPETS), 2019(3):210--232, July 2019. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: security

[92]

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Vitor Enes, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, Carlos Baquero, and João Leitão. Efficient synchronization of state-based CRDTs. In 35th IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering, ICDE 2019, pages 148--159, April 2019. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

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Adriaan Leijnse, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, and Carlos Baquero. Higher-order patterns in replicated data types. In 6th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2019. ACM, March 2019. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Martin Kleppmann, Victor B. F. Gomes, Dominic P. Mulligan, and Alastair R. Beresford. Interleaving anomalies in collaborative text editors. In 6th Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2019. ACM, March 2019. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Aaron Hall, Grant Nelson, Mike Thiesen, and Nate Woods. The causal graph CRDT for complex document structure. In 18th ACM Symposium on Document Engineering, DocEng 2018. ACM, August 2018. [ bib | DOI ]

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Xiao Lv, Fazhi He, Yuan Cheng, and Yiqi Wu. A novel CRDT-based synchronization method for real-time collaborative CAD systems. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 38:381--391, August 2018. [ bib | DOI ]

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Ragnar Mogk, Lars Baumgärtner, Guido Salvaneschi, Bernd Freisleben, and Mira Mezini. Fault-tolerant distributed reactive programming. In 32nd European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, volume 109 of ECOOP 2018. Schloss Dagstuhl--Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik, July 2018. [ bib | DOI ]

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Nuno Preguiça. Conflict-free replicated data types: An overview. June 2018. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

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Nuno Preguiça, Carlos Baquero, and Marc Shapiro. Conflict-free replicated data types (CRDTs). In Encyclopedia of Big Data Technologies. Springer, May 2018. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

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Martin Kleppmann, Victor B F Gomes, Dominic P Mulligan, and Alastair R Beresford. OpSets: Sequential specifications for replicated datatypes (extended version). May 2018. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

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Tim Jungnickel. On the feasibility of multi-leader replication in the early tiers. PhD thesis, TU Berlin, May 2018. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: systems, IMAP, OT

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Marc Shapiro, Annette Bieniusa, Peter Zeller, and Gustavo Petri. Ensuring referential integrity under causal consistency. In 5th Workshop on the Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2018. ACM, April 2018. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Jim Bauwens, Florian Myter, and Elisa Gonzalez Boix. Constraining the eventual in eventual consistency. In 5th Workshop on the Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2018. ACM, April 2018. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Radha Jagadeesan and James Riely. Eventual consistency for CRDTs. In 21st European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2018, pages 968--995. Springer LNCS volume 10801, April 2018. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Paulo Sérgio Almeida, Ali Shoker, and Carlos Baquero. Delta state replicated data types. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 111:162--173, January 2018. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

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Mahsa Najafzadeh, Marc Shapiro, and Patrick Eugster. Co-design and verification of an available file system. In 19th International Conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation, VMCAI 2018, pages 358--381. Springer LNCS volume 10747, January 2018. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Vitor Enes. Efficient synchronization of state-based CRDTs. Master's thesis, Universidade do Minho, November 2017. [ bib | .pdf ]

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Victor B F Gomes, Martin Kleppmann, Dominic P Mulligan, and Alastair R Beresford. Verifying strong eventual consistency in distributed systems. Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages (PACMPL), 1(OOPSLA), October 2017. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

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Carlos Baquero, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, Alcino Cunha, and Carla Ferreira. Composition in state-based replicated data types. Bulletin of the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science, (123), October 2017. [ bib | http ]

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Carlos Baquero, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, and Ali Shoker. Pure operation-based replicated data types. October 2017. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

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Weihai Yu, Gérald Oster, and Claudia-Lavinia Ignat. Handling disturbance and awareness of concurrent updates in a collaborative editor. In 14th International Conference on Cooperative Design, Visualization, and Engineering, CDVE 2017, pages 39--47. Springer LNCS volume 10451, September 2017. [ bib | DOI | http ]

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Martin Kleppmann and Alastair R Beresford. A conflict-free replicated JSON datatype. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 28(10):2733--2746, April 2017. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

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Tim Jungnickel and Lennart Oldenburg. Pluto: The CRDT-driven IMAP server. In 3rd International Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2017. ACM, April 2017. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Georges Younes, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, and Carlos Baquero. Compact resettable counters through causal stability. In 3rd International Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2017. ACM, April 2017. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Peter Zeller. Testing properties of weakly consistent programs with Repliss. In 3rd International Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2017. ACM, April 2017. [ bib | DOI | http ]

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Vitor Enes, Carlos Baquero, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, and João Leitão. Borrowing an identity for a distributed counter: Work in progress report. In 3rd International Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2017. ACM, April 2017. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Albert van der Linde, Pedro Fouto, João Leitão, Nuno Preguiça, Santiago Castiñeira, and Annette Bieniusa. Legion: Enriching internet services with peer-to-peer interactions. In 26th International Conference on World Wide Web, WWW 2017, pages 283--292. ACM, April 2017. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Loïck Briot, Pascal Urso, and Marc Shapiro. High responsiveness for group editing CRDTs. In 19th International Conference on Supporting Group Work, GROUP 2016, pages 51--60. ACM, November 2016. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: text-editing, RGASplit

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Petru Nicolaescu, Kevin Jahns, Michael Derntl, and Ralf Klamma. Near real-time peer-to-peer shared editing on extensible data types. In 19th International Conference on Supporting Group Work, GROUP 2016, pages 39--49. ACM, November 2016. [ bib | DOI | http ]

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Xiao Lv, Fazhi He, Weiwei Cai, and Yuan Cheng. An efficient collaborative editing algorithm supporting string-based operations. In 20th IEEE International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design, CSCWD 2016, pages 45--50. IEEE, September 2016. [ bib | DOI ]

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Hagit Attiya, Sebastian Burckhardt, Alexey Gotsman, Adam Morrison, Hongseok Yang, and Marek Zawirski. Specification and complexity of collaborative text editing. In ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, PODC 2016, pages 259--268. ACM, July 2016. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Deepthi Devaki Akkoorath, Alejandro Z. Tomsic, Manuel Bravo, Zhongmiao Li, Tyler Crain, Annette Bieniusa, Nuno Preguiça, and Marc Shapiro. Cure: Strong semantics meets high availability and low latency. In 36th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, ICDCS 2016, pages 405--414. IEEE, June 2016. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: systems, Cure, Antidote

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Wenbing Zhao, Mamdouh Babi, William Yang, Xiong Luo, Yueqin Zhu, Jack Yang, Chaomin Luo, and Mary Yang. Byzantine fault tolerance for collaborative editing with commutative operations. In IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology, EIT 2016, pages 246--251. IEEE, May 2016. [ bib | DOI ]

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Russell Brown, Zeeshan Lakhani, and Paul Place. Big(ger) sets: Decomposed delta CRDT sets in Riak. In 2nd Workshop on the Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2016. ACM, April 2016. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

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Marek Zawirski, Carlos Baquero, Annette Bieniusa, Nuno Preguiça, and Marc Shapiro. Eventually consistent register revisited. In 2nd Workshop on the Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2016. ACM, April 2016. [ bib | DOI | arXiv | .pdf ]

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Carlos Baquero, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, and Carl Lerche. The problem with embedded CRDT counters and a solution. In 2nd Workshop on the Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2016. ACM, April 2016. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Christian Weilbach, Konrad Kühne, and Annette Bieniusa. Decoupling conflict resolution with CDVCS. In 2nd Workshop on the Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2016. ACM, April 2016. [ bib | DOI ]

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Albert van der Linde, João Leitão, and Nuno Preguiça. Δ-CRDTs: Making δ-CRDTs delta-based. In 2nd Workshop on the Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2016. ACM, April 2016. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Brice Nédelec, Pascal Molli, and Achour Mostefaoui. CRATE: Writing stories together with our browsers. In 25th International World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2016, pages 231--234. ACM, April 2016. [ bib | DOI | http ]

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Alexey Gotsman, Hongseok Yang, Carla Ferreira, Mahsa Najafzadeh, and Marc Shapiro. 'Cause I'm Strong Enough: Reasoning about consistency choices in distributed systems. In 43rd Annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, POPL 2016, pages 371--384. ACM, January 2016. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Marek Zawirski, Nuno Preguiça, Sérgio Duarte, Annette Bieniusa, Valter Balegas, and Marc Shapiro. Write fast, read in the past: Causal consistency for client-side applications. In 16th Annual Middleware Conference, pages 75--87. ACM/IFIP/USENIX, December 2015. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Iwan Briquemont, Manuel Bravo, Zhongmiao Li, and Peter Van Roy. Conflict-free partially replicated data types. In 7th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, CloudCom 2015. IEEE, November 2015. [ bib | DOI | http ]

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Valter Balegas, Diogo Serra, Sérgio Duarte, Carla Ferreira, Marc Shapiro, Rodrigo Rodrigues, and Nuno Preguiça. Extending eventually consistent cloud databases for enforcing numeric invariants. In 34th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, SRDS 2015, pages 31--36. IEEE, September 2015. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

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Christopher Meiklejohn and Peter Van Roy. Lasp: A language for distributed, coordination-free programming. In 17th International Symposium on Principles and Practice of Declarative Programming, PPDP 2015, pages 184--195. ACM, July 2015. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Weihai Yu, Luc André, and Claudia-Lavinia Ignat. A CRDT supporting selective undo for collaborative text editing. In 15th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems, DAIS 2015, pages 193--206. Springer LNCS volume 9038, June 2015. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: text-editing, undo

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Vinh Tao, Marc Shapiro, and Vianney Rancurel. Merging semantics for conflict updates in geo-distributed file systems. In 8th ACM International Systems and Storage Conference, SYSTOR 2015. ACM, May 2015. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Carlos Baquero, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, Alcino Cunha, and Carla Ferreira. Composition of state-based CRDTs. Technical report, HASLab, INESC TEC, May 2015. [ bib | .pdf ]

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Paulo Sérgio Almeida, Ali Shoker, and Carlos Baquero. Efficient state-based CRDTs by delta-mutation. In International Conference on Networked Systems, NETYS 2015, pages 62--76. Springer LNCS volume 9466, May 2015. [ bib | DOI | arXiv ]

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Alexey Gotsman and Hongseok Yang. Composite replicated data types. In 24th European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2015. Springer LNCS volume 9032, April 2015. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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David Navalho, Sérgio Duarte, and Nuno Preguiça. A study of CRDTs that do computations. In 1st Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2015. ACM, April 2015. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Brandon Holt, Irene Zhang, Dan Ports, Mark Oskin, and Luis Ceze. Claret: Using data types for highly concurrent distributed transactions. In 1st Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2015. ACM, April 2015. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Santiago J Castiñeira and Annette Bieniusa. Collaborative offline web applications using conflict-free replicated data types. In 1st Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2015. ACM, April 2015. [ bib | DOI ]

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Christopher Meiklejohn and Peter Van Roy. Lasp: A language for distributed, eventually consistent computations with crdts. In 1st Workshop on Principles and Practice of Consistency for Distributed Data, PaPoC 2015. ACM, April 2015. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Sebastian Burckhardt. Principles of eventual consistency. Foundations and Trends in Programming Languages, 1(1-2):1--150, October 2014. [ bib | DOI | http ]

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Peter Zeller, Annette Bieniusa, and Arnd Poetzsch-Heffter. Formal specification and verification of CRDTs. In 34th IFIP International Conference on Formal Techniques for Distributed Objects, Components and Systems, FORTE 2014, pages 33--48. Springer LNCS volume 8461, June 2014. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Carlos Baquero, Paulo Sérgio Almeida, and Ali Shoker. Making operation-based CRDTs operation-based. In 14th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems, DAIS 2014, pages 126--140. Springer LNCS volume 8460, June 2014. A shorter paper with the same title appears in PaPEC 2014. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Russell Brown, Sean Cribbs, Christopher Meiklejohn, and Sam Elliott. Riak DT Map: A composable, convergent replicated dictionary. In 1st Workshop on Principles and Practice of Eventual Consistency, PaPEC 2014. ACM, April 2014. [ bib | DOI | http ]

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Paulo Sérgio Almeida, Ali Shoker, and Carlos Baquero. Efficient state-based CRDTs by decomposition (work in progress report). In 1st Workshop on Principles and Practice of Eventual Consistency, PaPEC 2014. ACM, April 2014. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Mehdi Ahmed-Nacer, Pascal Urso, Valter Balegas, and Nuno Perguiça. Merging OT and CRDT algorithms. In 1st Workshop on Principles and Practice of Eventual Consistency, PaPEC 2014. ACM, April 2014. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Christopher Meiklejohn. On the composability of the Riak DT Map: Expanding from embedded to multi-key structures. In 1st Workshop on Principles and Practice of Eventual Consistency, PaPEC 2014. ACM, 2014. [ bib | DOI | http ]

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Victor Grishchenko. Citrea and Swarm: Partially ordered op logs in the browser. In 1st Workshop on Principles and Practice of Eventual Consistency, PaPEC 2014. ACM, April 2014. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Lindsey Kuper and Ryan R Newton. Joining forces: Toward a unified account of LVars and convergent replicated data types. In 5th Workshop on Determinism and Correctness in Parallel Programming, WoDet 2014, March 2014. [ bib | .pdf ]

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Sebastian Burckhardt, Alexey Gotsman, Hongseok Yang, and Marek Zawirski. Replicated data types: Specification, verification, optimality. In 41st ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, POPL 2014, pages 271--284. ACM, January 2014. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Keywords: text-editing, LSEQ

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Paulo Sérgio Almeida and Carlos Baquero. Scalable eventually consistent counters over unreliable networks. July 2013. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

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Erwan Le Merrer, Nicolas Le Scouarnec, and Gilles Straub. Bitbox: Eventually consistent file sharing. In 1st International Conference on Networked Systems, NETYS 2013, page 274–278. Springer LNCS volume 7853, May 2013. [ bib | DOI ]

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David Navalho, Sérgio Duarte, Nuno Preguiça, and Marc Shapiro. Incremental stream processing using computational conflict-free replicated data types. In 3rd International Workshop on Cloud Data and Platforms, CloudDP 2013, pages 31--36. ACM, April 2013. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Hien Thi Thu Truong, Claudia-Lavinia Ignat, and Pascal Molli. Authenticating operation-based history in collaborative systems. In 17th ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work, GROUP 2012, pages 131--140. ACM, October 2012. [ bib | DOI | http ]

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Neil Conway, William R. Marczak, Peter Alvaro, Joseph M. Hellerstein, and David Maier. Logic and lattices for distributed programming. In 3rd ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing, SoCC 2012, pages 1--14. ACM, October 2012. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Annette Bieniusa, Marek Zawirski, Nuno Preguiça, Marc Shapiro, Carlos Baquero, Valter Balegas, and Sérgio Duarte. Brief announcement: Semantics of eventually consistent replicated sets. In 26th International Symposium on Distributed Computing, DISC 2012, pages 441--442. Springer LNCS volume 7611, October 2012. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Annette Bieniusa, Marek Zawirski, Nuno Preguiça, Marc Shapiro, Carlos Baquero, Valter Balegas, and Sérgio Duarte. An optimized conflict-free replicated set. Research Report RR-8083, INRIA, October 2012. [ bib | arXiv | .pdf ]

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Mehdi Ahmed-Nacer, Stéphane Martin, and Pascal Urso. File system on CRDT. Research Report RR-8027, INRIA, July 2012. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

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Sebastian Burckhardt, Manuel Fähndrich, Daan Leijen, and Benjamin P Wood. Cloud types for eventual consistency. In 26th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, ECOOP 2012, pages 283--307. Springer LNCS volume 7313, June 2012. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Stéphane Martin, Mehdi Ahmed-Nacer, and Pascal Urso. Abstract unordered and ordered trees CRDT. Research Report RR-7825, INRIA, December 2011. [ bib | arXiv | http ]

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Marc Shapiro, Nuno Preguiça, Carlos Baquero, and Marek Zawirski. Conflict-free replicated data types. In 13th International Conference on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems, SSS 2011, pages 386--400. Springer LNCS volume 6976, October 2011. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Victor Grishchenko. Deep hypertext with embedded revision control implemented in regular expressions. In 6th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration, WikiSym 2010. ACM, July 2010. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Mihai Letia, Nuno Preguiça, and Marc Shapiro. Consistency without concurrency control in large, dynamic systems. ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 44(2):29--34, April 2010. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

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Nuno Preguiça, Joan Manuel Marques, Marc Shapiro, and Mihai Letia. A commutative replicated data type for cooperative editing. In 29th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, ICDCS 2009, pages 395--403. IEEE, 2009. [ bib | DOI | http ]

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Stephane Weiss, Pascal Urso, and Pascal Molli. Logoot: A scalable optimistic replication algorithm for collaborative editing on P2P networks. In 29th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, ICDCS 2009, pages 404--412. IEEE, 2009. [ bib | DOI | http ]

Keywords: text-editing, Logoot

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Keywords: text-editing, WOOTO

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Gérald Oster, Pascal Urso, Pascal Molli, and Abdessamad Imine. Data consistency for P2P collaborative editing. In 20th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW 2006, pages 259--268. ACM, November 2006. [ bib | DOI | .pdf ]

Keywords: text-editing, WOOT

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Gérald Oster, Pascal Urso, Pascal Molli, and Abdessamad Imine. Real time group editors without operational transformation. Research Report RR-5580, INRIA, May 2005. [ bib | http ]

Keywords: text-editing, WOOT